1. Lithium Batteries Lithium batteries have a lithium anode. They are available as both primary batteries and secondary batteries. Search by Specification | Learn More about Lithium Batteries
Voltage:
Less than 3 volts
3 to 4 volts
4 to 6 volts
6 to 10 volts
10 volts and up
Capacity, Amp Hours (AH):
At least 0.5 ampere-hr
At least 1 ampere-hr
At least 2 ampere-hr
At least 4 ampere-hr
Lithium Primary Batteries:
Lithium / Thionyl Chloride
Lithium / Manganese Dioxide
This article is about disposable primary batteries. For rechargeable batteries, see Lithium-ion battery. CR2032 lithium button cell battery
Lithium 9 volt, AA, & AAA sizes
Lithium batteries are disposable (primary) batteries that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from 1.5 V to about 3.7 V, over twice the voltage of an ordinary zinc–carbon battery or alkaline battery.[1] Lithium batteries are widely used in products such as portable consumer electronic devices.
Lithium primary batteries account for 28% of all primary battery sales in Japan but only 1% of all battery sales in Switzerland. In the UK and EU only 0.5% of all battery sales including secondary types are lithium primaries.
DESCRIPTION
The term "lithium battery" refers to a family of different chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes.
The most common type of lithium cell used in consumer applications uses metallic lithium as anode and manganese dioxide as cathode, with a salt of lithium dissolved in an organic solvent.
Disassembled CR2032 battery From left — negative cup from inner side with layer of lithium (oxidized in air), separator(porous material), cathode (manganese dioxide), metal grid — current collector, metal casing (+)(damaged during opening the cell), on the bottom is plastic sealing ring
Another type of lithium cell having a large energy density is the lithium-thionyl chloride cell. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are generally not sold to the consumer market, and find more use in commercial/industrial applications, or are installed into devices where no consumer replacement is performed. In this cell, a liquid mixture of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) and lithium tetrachloroaluminate (LiAlCl4) acts as the electrolyte and cathode respectively. A porous carbon material serves as a cathode current collector which receives electrons from the external circuit. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are well suited to extremely low-current applications where long life is necessary, such as wireless alarm systems.
2. SafeGard Water Based Rust Preventatives
SafeGard water based rust preventatives prevent rust safely, effectively and economically for both indoor and outdoor storage conditions. These anti corrosion resistant coatings are stable, non-flammable, non-toxic, non-reversible emulsions are easy to apply, quick draining and quick drying. Although they normally dry to a clear or translucent brown film, these rust proofing products may be dyed if so desired. The corrosion resistant barrier coating can achive corrosion protection with varying film hardness from very soft to very hard. This product can be applied by brush, spray or dip coating. SafeGard reduces plant clean up, all you have to do is simply wash everything down with water. If spray equipment is used, run water through it until it is clear.
Stop rust and corrosion before it starts with SafeGard H water based coating. In just one coat, corrosion control is achieved by using a waterborne barrier coating that contains a balanced corrosion inhibitor system. This corrosion prevention product dries to a translucent light brown dry to the touch wax coating. Dyes may be added if color coding your supplier or customers parts is desired.
This firm corrosion resistant coating will not transfer, abrade or run under normal handling. The floor of your packaging area, storage bins or packages sent to your customers will not be oil stained and messy. SafeGard's active corrosion inhibitor system neutralizes metal corrosion normally attributed to fingerprints from parts handling. This protective coating and its chemical system are compatible with lube oil so they need not need to be removed from internal engine parts before assembly.
This high performance corrosion resistant coating will give your parts over 2000 hours humidity performance and over 336 hours protection in the standard ASTM B-117 salt spray performance cabinet. SafeGard H meets the performance requirements of specification MIL-C-16173D grade II.
SafeGard H is OSHA & EPA friendly because it contains no toxic or harmful materials. This rust prevention coating should be allowed to cure for 1 day before being put into service. To remove the protective coating use a simple alkaline cleaner such as Safegard 11085A. This anti corrosion material can be easily applied by spray, brush, dip coating or roller. Spray equipment should be rinsed out with water at the end of the day. SafeGard H is rust proofing for long-term indoor or medium term outdoor storage. SafeGard H coverage is 650-700 sqft/gallon @ 1.5 mils thickness.
3.Building Human Organs
Oganovo is a company based in San Diego, California.
Their latest science invention is a technology (novogen) which allows living tissue cells to be assembled into patterns and complex structures, such as organs.
Organovo has partnered with Invetech. a company based in Australia, to develop a bio-printer.
The device prints (places) human cells in a three-dimensional matrix to construct human tissue.
"Building human organs cell-by-cell was considered science fiction not that long ago," says Fred Davis of Invetech.
Currently, the bio-printer can grow blood vessels.
It is anticipated that within five years the device will construct arteries and by 2020 sophisticated organs will be built by the device.
4. Batteries That Operate With Any Liquid
Chungpin Liao, a professor at the Graduate School of Electro-Optic and Material Science of National Formosa University in Taiwan has invented an organic battery that creates electricity when wet.
The "organic" battery generates a charge within 10 seconds and will last anywhere from two days to a week depending on the liquid. It works with water, beverages or even urine.
Although it will only produce half the strength of traditional batteries, the organic battery has a storage capacity greater than water-powered fuel cells and is very cheap to manufacture.
"Plus it contains no toxic substances and does not pose an environmental hazard" says Chungpin.
Liao received his degree in nuclear engineering from National Tsing Hua University in Hsinchu, Taiwan. He earned his Masters and Ph.D degrees in plasma science and fusion technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, United States.
Voltage:
Less than 3 volts
3 to 4 volts
4 to 6 volts
6 to 10 volts
10 volts and up
Capacity, Amp Hours (AH):
At least 0.5 ampere-hr
At least 1 ampere-hr
At least 2 ampere-hr
At least 4 ampere-hr
Lithium Primary Batteries:
Lithium / Thionyl Chloride
Lithium / Manganese Dioxide
This article is about disposable primary batteries. For rechargeable batteries, see Lithium-ion battery. CR2032 lithium button cell battery
Lithium 9 volt, AA, & AAA sizes
Lithium batteries are disposable (primary) batteries that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from 1.5 V to about 3.7 V, over twice the voltage of an ordinary zinc–carbon battery or alkaline battery.[1] Lithium batteries are widely used in products such as portable consumer electronic devices.
Lithium primary batteries account for 28% of all primary battery sales in Japan but only 1% of all battery sales in Switzerland. In the UK and EU only 0.5% of all battery sales including secondary types are lithium primaries.
DESCRIPTION
The term "lithium battery" refers to a family of different chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes.
The most common type of lithium cell used in consumer applications uses metallic lithium as anode and manganese dioxide as cathode, with a salt of lithium dissolved in an organic solvent.
Disassembled CR2032 battery From left — negative cup from inner side with layer of lithium (oxidized in air), separator(porous material), cathode (manganese dioxide), metal grid — current collector, metal casing (+)(damaged during opening the cell), on the bottom is plastic sealing ring
Another type of lithium cell having a large energy density is the lithium-thionyl chloride cell. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are generally not sold to the consumer market, and find more use in commercial/industrial applications, or are installed into devices where no consumer replacement is performed. In this cell, a liquid mixture of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) and lithium tetrachloroaluminate (LiAlCl4) acts as the electrolyte and cathode respectively. A porous carbon material serves as a cathode current collector which receives electrons from the external circuit. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are well suited to extremely low-current applications where long life is necessary, such as wireless alarm systems.
2. SafeGard Water Based Rust Preventatives
SafeGard water based rust preventatives prevent rust safely, effectively and economically for both indoor and outdoor storage conditions. These anti corrosion resistant coatings are stable, non-flammable, non-toxic, non-reversible emulsions are easy to apply, quick draining and quick drying. Although they normally dry to a clear or translucent brown film, these rust proofing products may be dyed if so desired. The corrosion resistant barrier coating can achive corrosion protection with varying film hardness from very soft to very hard. This product can be applied by brush, spray or dip coating. SafeGard reduces plant clean up, all you have to do is simply wash everything down with water. If spray equipment is used, run water through it until it is clear.
Stop rust and corrosion before it starts with SafeGard H water based coating. In just one coat, corrosion control is achieved by using a waterborne barrier coating that contains a balanced corrosion inhibitor system. This corrosion prevention product dries to a translucent light brown dry to the touch wax coating. Dyes may be added if color coding your supplier or customers parts is desired.
This firm corrosion resistant coating will not transfer, abrade or run under normal handling. The floor of your packaging area, storage bins or packages sent to your customers will not be oil stained and messy. SafeGard's active corrosion inhibitor system neutralizes metal corrosion normally attributed to fingerprints from parts handling. This protective coating and its chemical system are compatible with lube oil so they need not need to be removed from internal engine parts before assembly.
This high performance corrosion resistant coating will give your parts over 2000 hours humidity performance and over 336 hours protection in the standard ASTM B-117 salt spray performance cabinet. SafeGard H meets the performance requirements of specification MIL-C-16173D grade II.
SafeGard H is OSHA & EPA friendly because it contains no toxic or harmful materials. This rust prevention coating should be allowed to cure for 1 day before being put into service. To remove the protective coating use a simple alkaline cleaner such as Safegard 11085A. This anti corrosion material can be easily applied by spray, brush, dip coating or roller. Spray equipment should be rinsed out with water at the end of the day. SafeGard H is rust proofing for long-term indoor or medium term outdoor storage. SafeGard H coverage is 650-700 sqft/gallon @ 1.5 mils thickness.
3.Building Human Organs
Oganovo is a company based in San Diego, California.
Their latest science invention is a technology (novogen) which allows living tissue cells to be assembled into patterns and complex structures, such as organs.
Organovo has partnered with Invetech. a company based in Australia, to develop a bio-printer.
The device prints (places) human cells in a three-dimensional matrix to construct human tissue.
"Building human organs cell-by-cell was considered science fiction not that long ago," says Fred Davis of Invetech.
Currently, the bio-printer can grow blood vessels.
It is anticipated that within five years the device will construct arteries and by 2020 sophisticated organs will be built by the device.
4. Batteries That Operate With Any Liquid
Chungpin Liao, a professor at the Graduate School of Electro-Optic and Material Science of National Formosa University in Taiwan has invented an organic battery that creates electricity when wet.
The "organic" battery generates a charge within 10 seconds and will last anywhere from two days to a week depending on the liquid. It works with water, beverages or even urine.
Although it will only produce half the strength of traditional batteries, the organic battery has a storage capacity greater than water-powered fuel cells and is very cheap to manufacture.
"Plus it contains no toxic substances and does not pose an environmental hazard" says Chungpin.
Liao received his degree in nuclear engineering from National Tsing Hua University in Hsinchu, Taiwan. He earned his Masters and Ph.D degrees in plasma science and fusion technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, United States.
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